Solar pannel question?

I understand solar power has great potential for buildings and as of now is best for streetlights, but how to make it better for buildings?
I read somewhere they’re only 25% effective, the other 75% of light bounces out
How can you make the light be transferred to electricity better and more effectively

It’s not something that can just be home remedied you would technically have to recreate the solar panel, power companies are forced to use some renewable energy, and therefore have switched their other sources such as clean nuclear to more coal based and petroleum based sources in order to offset the massive costs of upkeeping the solar fields.

As they’re extremely cost inhibitive and better left for use in emergency situations where cost makes them viable such as powering highway sign or emergency phones

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Although you could get away with smaller wire, I would suggest using 10 AWG wire, something UV-resistant (unless you’re going to bother putting it in conduit for such a small system), and rated for 90 degrees C or better, and wet location in case it rains. Wire with USE-2 insulation would meet these requirements.

If your system is more than one panel, or has a large battery, you probably want to have a larger wire coming out of the battery to the inverter, beause more current will be flowing there.

if we want to install 20w solar pannel to my home then what should be the ah rating for 12 v battery?

Without bogging you down in calculations, if you have a lead-acid battery, the largest you should get is about 20 Amp-hour capacity, maybe 40 Amp-hour at the limit. If your battery is too large, it won’t charge right.

Also, not to discourage you, but the energy you get from this kind of system is on the order of what would run a low-power laptop for about an hour, or a performance laptop for a fraction of that.

If you have a large enough array to make it worth while, probably many kW, you can have special hardware installed by your power company that allows your power meter to operate both ways. No sun shining, and the power company sells you power, lots of sun, and you can sell power to the power company.

But don’t bother for a few hundred watts, it will cost too much for the equipment to make it worthwhile.

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The cost for a solar power system needs to be lowered if it is to compete with conventional power generation. Nothing more, nothing less.

it probably sounds stupid but its for a business studies project. i was just wondering if anyone knew how much a solar panel would be per square cm or inch, or some small measurement. thanks in advance.

Well that depends on the size and complexity of the installation and how efficient the system is; ie how many kWh of electrical energy is generated per square metre. From what i have read costs can be as low as £500 per square metre. Many commercially available PV panels have an efficiency of only about 15%, they can deliver an average 150 watts of power per square metre but the newer types are better . They have shortcomings though: depend on the amount of sun, the output of any PV module is reduced to 5-20% of its full sun output when it operates under cloudy conditions. High capital cost for high power systems. Some energy companies will only give a very small return on exported units sold to them

what are the factors we take in consederation and wat formulas we can use.
for example: imagine i have a bulb of 150 watt , what are the steps taken to by the solar cell pannel and the rechargeabel battery needed for my system.

The energy produced by the solar cell is related to the intensity of the radiation from the Sun at that particular time. Its called irradiance. Say you wanted to power that bulb for a day, you would need to calculate the total irradiance (which is energy per square meter) using this formula:

Edaydensity = (Imax)(Tday)/(pi/2) where Eday density is the daily energy per square meter, Imax is the maximum irradiance of the Sun, at around the afternoon and Tday is the total time that sunlight is available. If you want to go the easy route just choose 250w/square mater as the average density.

The second is to determine how much power a single solar cell can derive from that 250w/square meter and you’d figure out by looking at the efficiency. A bulk silicon solar cell can provide around 22% efficiency. Based on that you can calculate the number of solar cells required to power a 160W bulb. The rechargeable battery is charged using surplus power that the solar cell isn’t using when its under operation. i.e. whatever’s left over is sent to the battery. You can determine the surplus power by calculating the amount of power produced by the total solar cell array (power from all the solar cells) minus the power consumed (160W). The entire solar cell system consists of the solar cell which connects to a DC converter to produce DC current. But for household appliances and electronics, this DC current is connected to an inverter to produce AC current. The solar cell is also connected to the battery which stores the excess power.

What else could i power?
What would the voltage be?

(not actually doing it, its 4 science homework)

You should learn about solar cell in a supplier’s catalog. I think digi-key or McMaster-Carr carry such devices.

Good luck with your search!

What do I need to build a solar pannel

you need instructions

I plan to have a Solar Pannel Cells linked to Solar Power Inverter for converting DC to AC. My requirement is about 500Watts to 750 Watts , 220 volts AC current.
This be used to light fans, and lights during the day time inside my home.
Sunshine is no problem, at my location its more than abundant ( Lahore, Pakistan ).
Anyone have any idea of its cost ? And suppliers from China / Singapore / Dubai ?

Good place to search is in homepower and solar today magazines both have frequent reviews on inverters and both also are online. I have heard nothing but good things about sunnyboy brand.